Charge for use in treating iron and steel.



un s-ran re ru ter :ornron. 1

Maseru Lure-anemones or ctuvnnane, our-oaconcess on-canons assassins reon sauna.

To all whom it may concern; v 1

Be it known that I, MA TI LUTHER Bowman, a c1t1zen of the United States, and

' a'resident of Cleveland, in the county of lowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Charge for Usein Treating Iron and Steel, oi whichthe fol- This invention relates to certain unprovements in charges for treating iron'or' steel in a'molten or fluid condition 1n orderto improve the quality and character of the metal, and, at the same time, to improve the castings formed therefrom.

More particularly the 1nvent1on involves a novel charge or flux designed to be addedwithout blow-holes otten asafetida, one and one-half ounces of seccharin, and one pound of dry granulated sugar, all in a finely powdered condition.

( About one-half of the mixture is then sifted or shaken into a mold or hollow made of the required size in sand, and about fourteen pounds of lead melted to a bright cherry red is then poured into the mold." The other half of the mixture is then sifted or shaken over the lead in the mold while it is hot, and sand is shaken over the mixture. When the lead is cooled, the charge is ready for use in. connection with a crucible or ladle filled with molten iron or steel. In case-the charge is used with gray-iron, about four ounces of the total compound is required for each ton of metal. For malleable iron, about sin ounces of the charge is required, and for steel about eight ounces.

' Upon inserting the charge into the molten iron or steel, it slowly sinks to the bottom and becomes thoroughly intermixed with the metal. It adds materially to the fluidity, so that it may be used to facilitate the making of castings from a ladleful of metal which has cooled to such an extent that. it is {Specification-of Letters Fetentz: 1

the iron or steelstrons er,

"lig neela aeairam'aconfus ons-tr n:

particularly sulfur. The adding of the charge serves to expel the sulfur in the iron,

n and castings'made from the iron or steel treated in th1s manner are stronger,

before the metal is poured into the mold for making the casting.

-All of the chemical actions. which take place in the formation of the charge andthe addition thereof to a ladle or crucible of mol-' ten iron or steel, are not understool by me at the present time. I am only aware of the improved. results obtained by following the course of nrocedure above outlined.

fine of the objects in employing sugar isthat when it comes in contact with the molten lead, it partially melts and forms an adhesive which binds the other or anic constituents and the arsenic to the sad, and also causes the outer layer of sand to firmly ad- 7 here thereto. The sand chills the molten lead, so that the organic constituents do not burn or char but veryslightly and not to an extent to prevent their operating in the manner desired. The lead being" considerably heavier than the molteh iron, serves to fake the entire mass to the bottom and to a itate the same, which agitation is also facilitated by the escape of gases from the charge. The sand covering adheres to the charge and forms a scale covering which prevents the charge from melting the instant it-comes in contact with the molten iron, and permits the lead to carry the organic constituents beneath the surface and even to'the'hottom.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: V I y 1. A charge for use in the treutment of iron or steel, including lead, an organic ma terial, and sand. y Y

2. A charge for use in the treatment of iron 'or steel, comprising a lead casting, a

' protecting covering of sand, and an organic material serving'to hold the sand on the lead.

3. A char e iron or steel, including a body having a greater specific gravity and a lower melting point than molten iron or steel, an organic material, and an insulating coatltog.

a. A charge for use in the treatment of for use in the treatment of point than moi-ten iron steel, enci a mixagsenic asafetide saoeharin and sugar, and

2 eoe eee iron steei; ireii or si eei, including a bod-y having a greacer speclfic gravity and a lower meltmg pom;- thzm molten mm or steel, an outer pro- 1 teeting coating of seed, and an organic mafieiziciifig 2i Toociy i eviriga greater specific gravity and a lower melting Y I hire of arsenic asefetida seceherin and. I I sugar;

servingfio-hoh the same on said body. 5. A cheese for use inkhe treatment In testimony whereof I have signed my iron or steef, inciuding a body having nameto this specification in the presence or greater specific gravity and a lower melting two, subscribing Witnesses. point than molten iron or steel, a mixture of MARTIN LUTHER BRICKER.

l Witnesses:

l HARRIET R. BRTCKER,

a, pjzoieeiing; coating of insulating material.

JOHN N; S. MCLEAN.

6. A charge use in the ereetment of 

